Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Joseph Changankary Pia ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Balasubramanian Anuradha ¹, Arunajetasan Subbiya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Local anesthetics (LA) are one among the safest drugs used in dentistry. The disadvantages include burning sensation upon injection, slow onset of action etc., Buffering of local anesthetics is introduced to counteract these undesirable qualities. The advantages of buffering of local anesthetics include quicker onset, more reliable and comfortable for the patient. This article provides an overview on buffering of local anesthetics.

Keywords

Buffering, Local Anesthesia, Ph.

Full Text

     

Parthasarathy Rajasekar ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Dhakshinamoorthy Malarvizhi ¹, Arunajetasan Subbiya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Hemisection refers to the surgical separation of a multi-ischolar_mained tooth with the extraction of one ischolar_main along with the overhanging crown. It is performed to retain the original tooth structure and attain the fixed prosthodontic prosthesis. Loss of the posterior teeth leads to teeth drifting, loss of masticatory function and loss of arch length, which requires prevention and maintenance measures. Management of periodontally involved molars with extensive decay is challenging and is limited to dental extraction and replacement with implants.

Keywords

Hemisection, Prosthesis, Implant, Periodontally Compromised.

Full Text

     

Balasubramaniam Anuradha ¹, Deepika Katyal ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Dhakshinamoorthy Malarvizhi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Metagenomics using next generation sequencing technologies has produced bacterial profiles and genomic profiles to study the relationships between microbial diversity, genetic variation, and oral diseases. Several oral metagenomic studies have examined the oral microbiome of periodontal disease and caries. Gene annotations in these studies support the association of specific genes or metabolic pathways with oral health and with specific diseases. The roles of pathogenic species and functions of specific genes in oral disease development have been recognized by metagenomic analysis. This review gives an overview on the interaction between oral microbiomes that determine a state of health or disease.

Keywords

Metagenomics, PCR, Bacteria, Dental Caries.

Full Text

     

Suresh Mitthra ¹, Balasubramaniam Anuradha ¹, Joseph Changankary Pia ¹, Arunajatesan Subbiya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Comprehensive oral care that combines both art and science to optimally improve dental health, aesthetics and function is termed as cosmetic dentistry. The objective of Cosmetic Dentistry is to provide maximum improvements in aesthetics with the minimum trauma to the dentition. Veneer is a layer of tooth colored material that is applied to a tooth to restore localized or generalized defects and intrinsic discoloration. Veneer are made up of chairside composite, processed composite, porcelain and compressed ceramic materials. This evolution of material sciences, ceramics, and adhesive system permits improvements of the aesthetic smile design of patients. The current manuscript is a review that highlights the diagnostic considerations; repair and maintenance; and recent advances in veneers.

Keywords

Aesthetic Dentistry, Smile Design, Repair of Veneers, Lumineers.

Full Text

     

Alagarsamy Venkatesh ¹, Arunajatesan Subbiya ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Venkatachalam Prakash ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Vertical ischolar_main fracture in teeth can be a barrier in diagnosis. There are other clinical and radiographic findings which can be vigilant to the clinician to the existence of fracture. Knowledge of the diagnostic aspects and the correct correlation and interpretation of radiograph was enough to establish the diagnostic hypothesis of vertical ischolar_main fracture.

Keywords

Endodontics, Diagnosis, Vertical Root Fracture, Three Dimensional Imaging.

Full Text

     

Parthasarathy Rajasekar ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Venkatachalam Prakash ¹, Arunajetasan Subbiya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

This case report describes and analyses a tooth fragment reattachment technique used to resolve crown fractures of the anterior teeth. This treatment allows a conservative approach to traumatic coronal lesions offering a better possibility of maintaining aesthetics and function. The adhesive reattachment is a simple system to achieve good aesthetic and functional results. When tooth and fragment margins are intact, the reattachment technique without any tooth preparation is a simple and predictable procedure.

Keywords

Tooth Fragment, Re-Attachment, Trauma.

Full Text

     

Joseph Changankary Pia ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Venkatachalam Prakash ¹, Arunajetasan Subbiya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Endodontically treated teeth are often associated with vertical ischolar_main fracture (VRF) and it becomes difficult to differentiate a tooth with this condition from an endodontically failed one or one with concomitant periodontal involvement. The cause of VRF is mainly trauma and iatrogenic reasons. Both complete and incomplete VRF constitute an ongoing problem in dentistry because they are difficult to be diagnosed in the early stages. In majority of the cases, tooth extraction is the only reasonable treatment when the VRF is finally diagnosed. Treatment options included extraction of single ischolar_mained teeth, but with the advent of adhesive dentistry. There is a paradigm shift towards preservation of these teeth.

Keywords

Vertical Root Fracture, Multiple Sinus, Pain.

Full Text

     

Alagarsamy Venkatesh ¹, Balasubramanian Anuradha ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, T. Sanjana ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Occupational health hazards are not uncommon. Continuous education on potential risk, precautions and protocols should be rapidly instituted to greatly reduce or even eliminate the occupational hazard. This review article is regarding the occupational hazards in the field of Dentistry, various classification and its management has been discussed.

Keywords

Biohazard, Radiation, Aerosols, Dental Materials.

Full Text

     

Jagadeesh Shuruthi ¹, Dhakshinamoorthy Malarvizhi ¹, Suresh Mitthra ¹, Arunajetasan Subbiya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The irrigants used commonly do not always eradicate the entire microbial flora in infected ischolar_main canals. Thus in quest other strategies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been developed. The word photodynamic means the applications of the dynamics of photons of light on the biological molecules. German physician Friedreich Mayer performed the first study, which was first called as photo-radiation therapy with porphyrins (1913) in humans. Photoactivated disinfection is based primarly on the interaction of a photosensitive antibacterial agent and a light source which uses a nontoxic dye named photosensitizer (PS) and lowintensity visible light. In the presence of oxygen, these combine to produce some cytotoxic species. The PS molecules attach to the bacteria membrane. Irradiation with a specific wavelength of the light may result in the production of singlet oxygen, resulting in rupture of the microbial cell wall. There are several applications for PDT in dentistry.. Photodynamic therapy has also been used to disinfect caries dentin before the restoration, disinfecting oral tissues before or during surgical procedures, treating denture stomatitis, and treating oral candidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Photodynamic therapy can also be used in combination with mechanical instrumentation and chemical antimicrobial agents, such as sodium hypochlorite.

Keywords

Photodynamic, Biofilm, Endotoxin, Irrigants.

Full Text

     

Sangavi Tamizharasan ¹, Subbiya Arunajetasan ², Geethapriya Nagarajan ³, Suresh Mitthra ³

Affiliations
1 First Year PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai-600100, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Professor & Head of the Department, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai-600100, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai-600100, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

A definitive diagnosis of vertical ischolar_main fracture (VRF) is often a challenging diagnosis for clinicians. This is because periapical radiographs are usually unable to detect the fracture line due to two dimensional image. This case of ischolar_main canal treated with apical periodontist was diagnosed with vertical ischolar_main fracture based on findings from clinical, radiographic, and cone-beam computerized tomographic (CBCT) examinations. CBCT aids in information regarding fracture line which cannot be detected in radiograph due to the direction of x-ray beam. Hence CBCT greatly helps in the diagnosis and management of VRF. However, the clinical and radiographic data is also much need hence CBCT can be used as an adjunct for cases with difficult diagnosis.

Keywords

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Dental Radiography, Diagnosis, Endodontics, Tooth Fractures.

Full Text

     

Bharadwaj Balasubramanian ¹, Saatwika Loganathan ¹, Prakash Venkatachalam ², Malarvizhi Dhakshinamoorthy ³, Suresh Mitthra ⁴, Geethapriya Nagarajan ⁴

Affiliations
1 M.D.S, I yr Post Graduate, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education & Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education & Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education & Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education & Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Aim: To determine the effect of Eugenol based temporary cements on bond strength of RMGIC and RelyX ARC.

Materials and Method: A total of fortymolars were sectioned 3mm below the occlusal surface and roughened surface was smoothened by 60-grit sand paper. Zinc oxide eugenol was given as a temporary restoration for 20 molars and the rest were not exposed to eugenol. Zinc oxide eugenol was removed using ultrasonic scaler and viewed under magnification for precise removal. 20 molars not exposed to eugenol were divided into group 1 (RMGIC) and group 3 (Resin). Other 20 teeth which were exposed to Eugenol were also divided similary into group 2 (Eugenol+RMGIC) and group 4 (Eugenol+Resin). Shear bond strength (SBS) testing was done using knife edge blade in the universal testing machine (INSTRON) at CIPET in Chennai.

Results: On comparing Shear Bond Strength using t-test, no statistical significance (p>0.05) was found between RMGIC groups whereas between Resin groups statistical significance was found.

Conclusion: When ZOE was used as temporary cement there was a decrease in shear bond strength for resin cement but no difference was observed in RMGIC groups.

Keywords

Shear Bond Strength, Eugenol, Polymerization, Chemical Polyalkonate-Hydroxyapatite Bonding, Micromechanical Interlocking.

Full Text

     

Rajendran Devakar ¹, Malarvizhi Dhakshinamoorthy ², Suresh Mitthra ³, Prakash Venkatachalam ⁴

Affiliations
1 1Second Year PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Flare-up can be defined as the occurrence of swelling, pain or the combination of these during the course of ischolar_main canal therapy, which results in unscheduled visits by patients. Inter appointment pain is caused mainly by microbial injury to the periradicular tissues and to some extent by iatrogenic factors which are chemical and mechanical in nature. The offending agents cause inflammation in the periradicular tissues which result in pain and swelling. While post endodontic flare-up is a relatively rare occurrence, the sudden increase in patient symptoms demands for a focused and active treatment plan. This review article discusses these many facets of the flare-up: definition, aetiology, clinical symptoms and management of the situation after its occurrence.

Keywords

Endodontic Flare Up, Periradicular Tissues, Apical Periodontitis, Inter Appointment Pain.

Full Text

     

Suresh Mitthra ¹, Sangeetha Sekar ², Shakila Ragupathy ², tirpuravaram Vinay Kumar Reddy ³

Affiliations
1 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, IN
2 Undergraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental college & Hospital, SRM University of Science and Technology, Potheri, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) specifically designed for imaging of the dento facial region is a true shift from 2D to 3D imaging. It produces high resolution 3D images in thin, thick or curved slices in axial, saggital and coronal planes. CBCT is a valuable tool for endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning as well as for assessing apical periodontitis, resorption, ischolar_main fractures, ischolar_main canal anatomy, perforations and the nature of the alveolar bone around the teeth.

Keywords

Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Endodontic Diagnosis, Endodontic Applications.

Full Text

     

Prakash Venkatachalam ¹, Megha Ravindranath ², Suresh Mitthra ³, Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai,Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Post Graduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai,Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai,Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Medical conditions of a patient play an important role in the planning of dental treatment. A thorough knowledge on the medically compromised conditions is required in endodontics for successful outcome of the treatment. This review throws light on some very important and frequently encountered medically compromised conditions and their management in endodontics.

Keywords

Medical, Endodontics, Compromised, Condition, Management.

Full Text